Associate Professor of Political Science, Azad Islamic University
Abstract
Ethnic heterogeneity is a component of population heterogeneity. If a race is defined with cultural characteristics such as language, religion, customs, historical background and the most important of all, the ethnic identity, then "ethnic heterogereity" will imply the exisence of different peoples with special cultural features, historical backgrounds and multidimensioal ethnic identity in a certain country. On the other side, there is the ethnic homogeneity which demonstrates the existence of a certain people in a geographical framework of political units. Taking into account the ethnic heterogeneity as one of the features of current states, the author examines different approaches to the issue in four domains, consisting the views of universalists, regionalists, federalists and nationalists.