In ancient Iran finding a site for the capital and its transfering has usually taken place in order to solve the problems of political geography as well as the geopolitical problems of the country. Thus, finding a site for the capital and its transfering has been the most important geopolitical approach of present states in political organization of territorial space, in order to control of country' geography and making relation among places with cultural and identity spatial-geographical mechanism. Whereas, national support has been seven times mainspring of finding a site for the capital in national core area of state, and according to historical-civil, cultural and economical potentials of geographical place, better control and management of the country at least has caused eleven times finding a site for the capital in a core area position and also geopolitical problems and peripheral threats has caused twelve times finding a site for the capital in a geopolitical and geo-strategic location. So, the main thrust of the present paper is to discuss the principal factors affecting the process of site finding for capitals in ancient Iran and their role in Iranian identity genesis.