Nowadays that mass of various information passes through different information gates, the first formal educational community for children is schools and textbooks. Therefore, educating children to undustanding the  identity and maintaining, and promoting the national identity should be considered important because they are the future of the country's capital. This study was conducted to investigate the components of national identity in "To Read Persian" textbooks of elementary schools with emphasis on the culture and cultural heritage. The research method is descriptive and analytical and data gathering tool was built in the documentary method and checklist in the content analysis. The population of this research was text of "To Read Persian" books of first grade elementary school (first to third grade) in educational year of 2014-2015. Data of study were analyzed descriptive statistics. The result of investigation shows that the degree of attention that is paid in persian articles to national identity is not the same in the three studied grades and the biggest number is related to the first grade of primary school.Although in "to read persian" books of the third grade, students can read and write better and underestanding in them is stronger than the first grade, they underestand less about national identity. Also the result of this research in studying culture and cultural heritage in the mentioned books shows that knowing the culture and the way of islamic living is more considered, however, the field of knowing cultural heritage and the ownership sense of signs and national symbols are less attentioned.